A RESTful API is a de-facto standard to allow communication between applications, although, recently GraphQL comes up. From the user-client perspective, GraphQL is similar to RESTful, they work as an entry point between different applications, but GraphQL is slightly different, and because of this, this technology has a reason to…

And the Spaceship Operator 🚀🚀🚀 — When dealing with PHP, there are multiple ways to sort a collection of items, and sometimes it’s not clear which method we should use and why. What is the difference between sort(), arsort() and uasort()? Before explaining the repercussions of a, r, k and u + sort() function, we need…

forEach, map, filter, reduce, find, findIndex, some & every — Functional Programming is a paradigm where programs are constructed by applying and composing functions. The Functional Programming keys are: You treat functions as first-class citizens. You can pass them as arguments to other functions. A function can return another function. You can modify functions. When a function is called with…

When PHP meets FP 🚀🚀🚀🌚 — What is Functional Programming? Functional Programming (FP) is a programming paradigm that was created in the late 1950s. It’s even older than Object-Oriented Programming (OOP). The main concepts of this paradigm are: Pure functions: The concrete input will produce always the same output. Recursion: There are no loops. In order to get this approach…

Practical examples of immutability in PHP — A mutable object can be modified after its creation, an immutable cannot. An immutable object will remain in the same state as it was created. Design and implementation will be much easier and consistent. …

Being up-to-date and avoiding conflicts — Have you ever wondered how you could collaborate with open-source projects but you didn’t know how to start? It couldn’t be easier. Take a look: Fork the repository into your account.

TL;DR: No, and let me explain you why. It causes bugs when refactoring due to the highly coupling When we use reflection our tests get too fragile, we are allowing our tests to know so much information about the real implementation. We need to hard-code the method name and we are coupling our test method to the production code. …

1.- What is a test? A test is an empirical assertion that demonstrates the behaviour of an expected functionality from something. The tests are classified by what they verify, the most important ones are the following: Functional tests Unit test Component test Integration test System test Smoke test Non-functional test Compatibility test Security test Stress…